History Of The Internet

1. • How did the internet originate?

   The Internet was originally developed by DARPA - the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency - as a means to share information on defense research between involved universities and defense research facilities.
   
   Scientists could question and answer each other. It was originally called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork). The concept was developed starting in 1964, and the first messages passed were between UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute in 1969. Leonard Kleinrock of MIT had published the first paper on packet switching theory in 1961. Since networking computers was new to begin with, standards were being developed on the fly. Once the concept was proven, the organizations involved started to lay out some ground rules for standardization.
   
   
   Tim Berners-Lee is the person who invented the internet as we know it today, he invented the world wide web. On 25 December 1990, with the help of Robert Cailliau and a young student at CERN, he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet.On 25 December 1990, with the help of Robert Cailliau and a young student at CERN, he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet.
   
   
   There wasn't just ONE person who invented the Internet. The Internet is just a way to view files and information that someone puts onto a server. The Internet is just a way to access the information. Leonard Kleinrock was the first person to write a paper on the idea of packet switching (which is essential for the Internet to work. He wrote this idea in 1961.

   
   

   Who were the people most responsible for creating it?

   ARPANET - Defense Advanced Research Project Agency. Rand Corporation in America (military network), NPL - National Physical Laboratory (commercial network) and Cycladas (scientific network) 

   • What system immediately preceded the internet? What was it’s purpose?

   The ARPANET came before the internet with the purpose of transfering knowledge and avoid doubling of research that already existed.

   • What is an IP packet? What is it comprised of?

    Information is disassembled into small blocks of data, sent independently to the destination address, then reassembled at the receiving end. Each block of data is known as an IP packet.

   • What does TCP stand for? How does TCP deal with lost IP packets?

   TCP stands for Transfer Control Protocol. The protocol  is responsible for orchestrating the movement of IP packets through cyberspace. TCP is “layered” on top of the addressing protocol (IP) to break requests into small packets, monitor the arrival of each IP packet at the destination address, call for the re-transmission of missing packets, and reassemble the packets into the original form. This protocol suite is known as TCP/IP, a term likely familiar to anyone who has setup an Internet connection.

   
   

   Why do computer people like everything in letters ?

   The computer registers everything in numbers which is difficult for people to remember therefore letters and words are used as alternatives.